Repeating: for and range

You do not write 100 lines to do a thing 100 times. for repeats the work and gives you a variable that says which turn you are on.

1total = 0
2for i in range(1, 5):
3    total = total + i
4# total is 10: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4

range(1, 5) gives 1, 2, 3, 4 in turn: the start is included, the end is not. To count from 1 to n you write range(1, n + 1).

The pattern for collecting a result in a loop is always the same: start a variable before the loop, update it inside, return it after. A sum starts at 0; a product starts at 1.

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